Start by looking at the product description, the birds it is intended for and the feeding equipment it requires. Different food formats need appropriate feeders, so check those details before purchasing. Consider the season as well, particularly when comparing seeds and peanuts with other options. Buy a manageable quantity and observe how quickly the food is being used, rather than filling several feeders unnecessarily. The most useful choice is one you can offer responsibly and store correctly. Alongside supplementary feeding, bird-friendly planting can provide natural food and cover, helping you support garden visitors without relying entirely on purchased bird food.

The type of supplementary food offered should change with current seasonal guidance. The RSPB advises against feeding seeds and peanuts between 1 May and 31 October because disease transmission is a particular concern during this period. Small amounts of mealworms, suitable fatballs or suet can still be offered. From 1 November to 30 April, a wider range of foods, including seeds and peanuts, can be used. Keep checking the guidance for updates rather than following an unchanged routine every month. Clean equipment, moderate quantities and bird-friendly planting remain relevant alongside decisions about which food to offer at different times.

Choose feeding equipment that suits the food and is easy to dismantle, clean and dry. It should allow drainage and help prevent food becoming wet or accumulating unnoticed. The RSPB currently advises avoiding flat-surface feeding equipment, including bird tables and window feeders, because these can increase opportunities for disease transmission. Check the manufacturer’s instructions when matching a food to a feeder, and avoid assuming every product can be scattered or placed on a tray. Equipment choice works alongside seasonal feeding and hygiene measures. Keeping a feeder clean does not replace the advice to pause seeds and peanuts during the higher-risk period.

The RSPB recommends thoroughly cleaning feeders and bird baths at least weekly, with water refreshed daily. Remove old food and debris rather than repeatedly adding fresh food on top. Follow appropriate cleaning instructions and allow equipment to dry before refilling. Check beneath feeding areas too, where discarded food and droppings can accumulate. Offer quantities that match demand instead of leaving excess food outside for long periods. If you notice sick birds, stop feeding and follow the current wildlife health guidance before restarting. The RSPB’s feeder hygiene advice explains the precautions and what to do when disease is suspected.

Follow the storage instructions on the bag and choose a quantity you can use while keeping it in suitable condition. A clean, dry, securely closed container can help protect food from moisture and unwanted access, but retain the original label and date information. Avoid storing bags where damp, condensation or excessive heat could affect them. Check the food before filling feeders and do not use material that appears mouldy, contaminated or otherwise unsuitable. When comparing pack sizes, consider your seasonal feeding routine rather than assuming the largest bag is automatically the best purchase. Smaller amounts may be easier to manage.